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Underground and subsea pipelines are constantly exposed to corrosive environments including moisture, dissolved salts, stray currents, and varying soil resistivity.
Buried pipelines operate in electrolytic environments where electrochemical reactions lead to metal loss over time.
Cathodic protection converts the steel pipeline into a cathode, preventing anodic corrosion reactions.
Sacrificial systems use magnesium or zinc anodes, while impressed current systems use external DC power sources.
Soil resistivity, coating condition, and monitoring requirements must be evaluated during system design.
